Saving the soils and more

As most of you know already, I've decided to stay in Burkina for an extra three months so that I'll have time to complete a project that I've started with community members from my village. The Burkinabe that I'm collaborating with the most on the project is a government-trained agricultural trainer named Eric. He approached me last fall asking if I could help him to finance a project that he proposed, and we started to carry out those activities last February.

The main part of the project involves teaching community members about soil preservation techniques. Burkina Faso is a serious subject to the problem of desertification, due in no small part to deforestation and excessive livestock grazing. Those two causes combine to vastly reduce the vegetation that would otherwise hold down the soil and its nutrients in times of wind and flood, leaving us with sand and thin dirt that can barely support the staple crops of corn, millet, sorghum, peanuts, and beans that they grow from June through October.

Most community members are aware that soil quality, and thus crop yields, have gone down over the years, but they only have vague ideas of the cause and they don't know what to do to stop it. Most of them assume that that's just the way that things are, but when you tell them that there are things they can do to stop the trend, they perk up and listen. That's where we come in; Eric helped to form an association of about 30 community members from Mane's satellite villages, and he is teaching them different techniques like compost, rock lines, zai holes, and tree planting to help reverse the effects of soil degradation.

Eric, our painfully skinny trainer, explains the principles of composting

We did a series of training sessions in February through April on those techniques and started 4 tree nurseries to plant over 500 trees. A cool thing was that Eric also came to my science club at the school and gave a talk on tree planting, which inspired one of my students, Larba, to plant his own tree nursery for profit. Larba now has several hundred trees growing in the nursery that he planted in his courtyard, and he told me that he will make over $200 when he sells them to the community members who pre-ordered them in April. Maybe that doesn't sound like that much, but that is a HUGE sum of money for a kid in a village like this. I could have cried, I was so pleased. He is so excited about the money that he'll make from it that he says he'll try to expand the business in the future, and he has also already started to train other people in the community about the care of trees also. If the only thing that I accomplished in my 2.5 years in Burkina was to get someone to start a thriving tree-planting business, I would be happy.

Rock lines and zai holes help to catch water and prevent erosion due to flooding

We got a little under $4000 of grant money from the West African Food Security Partnership (WAFSP), which gives grants to Peace Corps volunteers, to support us with the project. The money will go toward materials like pickaxes and shovels (necessary for digging zai holes), plus benches and tables for the construction of a training center, among other smaller items. The training center will be particularly useful in the future not only for further agricultural trainings that Eric carries out, but also for literacy classes. Eric teaches literacy in Moore in his village, so when the benches and tables aren't in use for agricultural purposes they'll double as a classroom for the community.

The second part of the project involves opening a garden for Eric's association. Most of the grant money is going toward the cost of fencing and gardening supplies, and the garden will be constructed in the next couple of months. Although almost everyone participates in the cultivation of staple crops during the rainy season, few people grow vegetables. Cabbage, eggplant, tomatoes, onions, and cucumbers all grow well in this area, and growing those crops is a lucrative dry-season activity. (They're generally watered by hand from well or pump water.) Eric will do training sessions how to manage a garden, and the association will then cooperate to grow vegetables to sell and to improve their own nutrition from November through May.

Seeing how skinny the residents of the targeted villages are, and how many of their babies suffer from acute malnutrition, it's easy to see how needed this project is. I hope that we'll be able to slow the trend of desertification for them at least a little, and maybe with time, those practices will spread to the whole community.

--

Regarding the Ebola outbreak in West Africa: Luckily, it has remained contained in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia thus far, none of which countries borders Burkina directly. The risk here is still quite low, so please don't worry about me. I refer you to this blog post by a volunteer who got evacuated from Guinea, as well as this Onion article (referenced in the aforementioned blog post).

For those who I haven't talked with about it yet, I'll be closing my service here on December 12th to arrive back in California on December 13th. I'll also be flying to Tanzania with my dad 3 weeks from today to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro. So that's what's happening with me.

Pictures

Emmanuel helps paint the border around the map. Standing on the same table, you can see the line of where I was straining to reach with the paintbrush. Oh, the things I could do if I were so tall.

Library books

I'm excited about how many students have been visiting the library. The books that the kids on the left are holding were donations from the NGO Darien Book Aid, who sent us a free box of books, and the picture dictionary on the right was a gift from my friend Pierre. We're off to a good start with the books, and you can see how much more room we have to add. (There are a lot more books off to the left, I promise...)

Finally, a NYT article about Africa by David Brooks that I appreciated. Happy weekend!

The kids are all right

I think that from America, it's easy to over-romanticize poor kids in rural Africa. There's this image of the starving but ever-hopeful child who is probably dirty and crying while gazing deeply into the camera lens. Before I left America, a lot of people commented that at least the students in my classrooms here would all be really polite and respectful to me and really really want to learn everything that I could teach them.

Bahaha. The fact that people are ignoring is that kids will be brats everywhere. The unfortunate reality is that kids here are not on the whole that much better than kids in America; they're just poorer/starving while they're doing it, so you have more sympathy for them. While I don't agree with the helicopter-parent/excessive-protection-from-the-world style of parenting that's prevalent in America, Burkina takes it too far to the opposite extreme. As soon as kids can walk around by themselves, they are no longer their parents' problem; you regularly see 3-year-olds who leave the house in the morning and wander around the village unsupervised all day except maybe at mealtimes (if they have meals...cue the dirty crying child photo). It means that there's nobody to teach kids good manners or morals; when a little kid chases after me trying to hit my bicycle with a stick, the only possible guidance that he or she might get is if a conscientious adult nearby decides to get up to hit them. 

This all means that by the time kids are at middle-school age, there are a lot of serious bandits among them (as they say in Burkina French). They have caused me a lot of grief over the past year, especially when they did things like purposefully break the trees that I planted in half, or when they drew dots of motor oil on my world map for no reason. It's true that teachers have a more respected place in Burkina society than in America, but that doesn't stop kids from being little shits.

Not all hope is lost, though. I want to take a moment to appreciate the good kids in village. I don't know how they got to be like that, if something was different in the way their parents brought them up, or if they were just like that by chance. Something right happened, though. For example, my student Alaye, whose photo showed up in a previous blog post about my world map progress. Alaye is in quatrième, which is like 8th grade. He failed last year (a lot of people in that class failed last year for some reason), so this is the second time he's taking the class. He's not a brilliant math student. Most of the other students who are repeating the grade are getting really good grades this year, but while he always gets passing grades on my tests, they're not much more than passing. 

However, he's such a polite kid that he still stands out from the other 90 students in his class. Anytime you see him in village, he comes to say hi, and he'll try to take anything that you're carrying so he can carry it for you. He pumps water for one of the other teachers for nothing in exchange, just because, and anytime you ask questions in class he will raise his hand and try to answer even if he doesn't get it right. 

Last week I planted a tree nursery at the school to add to the trees I planted last year. I organized it with my science club, which is composed of students I invited based on good grades from last year, so he isn't normally a part of it. I told everyone that they were invited to come to the tree nursery planting, though, whether or not they were a part of the club, so he showed up. Afterward, he signed up for the weekly watering schedule that I set up, and today, when I went to check on the 120 trees (they're sprouting!), I was surprised to see that there was another little nursery of 40 or 50 more pots that someone had made next to ours. I saw him nearby and asked him about it, and he said that it was his, and that he would take care of watering it himself. He was just really excited about having more trees for the school, so he took the initiative himself to plant some more himself. He told me that if he got seeds for more different kinds of trees, he would add them in, too.

I mean, what kid does that? Voluntarily creating daily responsibility for himself, for the benefit of kids who come to the school 5 or 10 years from now? I was so impressed.

Alaye

When I see the bandit kids running around the village throwing rocks and generally being bandits, it gets really discouraging. They can so quickly undo any of the work that I try to do here--by messing up trees or whatever, but also by knocking up the female students and by being bad role models to their successors. Why even try to help them? In those cases, it's important to also keep kids like Alaye in mind, who independently of any kind of external reward still run around trying to save the village for the future. It's kids like that who give hope on the part of them all.

Photo: World Map Progress

I'm proud of how it's coming along. After the break I'll touch some things up (sorry, Indonesia) and work on the borders, and then we'll think of some activity to do with students for writing the country names. Almost there!